The Beatles are the best-selling music act of all time, with estimated sales of 600 million units worldwide. McCartney and Starr remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of lung cancer in November 2001. After the group's break-up in 1970, all four members enjoyed success as solo artists. In 1968, they founded Apple Corps, a multi-armed multimedia corporation that continues to oversee projects related to the band's legacy. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967), and enjoyed further commercial success with The Beatles (also known as "the White Album", 1968) and Abbey Road (1969). From 1965 onwards, they produced records of greater complexity, including the albums Rubber Soul (1965), Revolver (1966) and Sgt. They soon made their film debut with A Hard Day's Night (1964). As their popularity grew into the intense fan frenzy dubbed "Beatlemania", the band acquired the nickname "the Fab Four", with Epstein, Martin and other members of the band's entourage sometimes given the informal title of "fifth Beatle".īy early 1964, the Beatles were international stars, leading the "British Invasion" of the United States pop market and breaking numerous sales records. Manager Brian Epstein molded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding their domestic success after their first hit, "Love Me Do", in late 1962. The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison, together since 1958, went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962. Led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over three years from 1960, initially with Stuart Sutcliffe playing bass. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionized many aspects of the music industry and were often publicized as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways the band later explored music styles ranging from ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. They were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. The group, whose best-known line-up comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, are regarded as the most influential band of all. The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.
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